Which neurons are involved in relaying messages within the central nervous system?

Interneurons play a critical role in relaying messages within the central nervous system (CNS). Unlike sensory neurons, which transmit signals from sensory receptors to the CNS, and motor neurons, which carry signals away from the CNS to initiate movement, interneurons function as connectors that facilitate communication between sensory and motor pathways within the CNS. They are primarily located in the brain and spinal cord, where they process information, integrate sensory input, and coordinate responses.

Interneurons can also participate in reflex actions and complex behaviors by connecting networks of neurons. Their ability to communicate with both sensory and motor neurons allows for quick reflex responses and the processing of higher cognitive functions, making them essential for the overall functioning of the nervous system.