What is often the cause of muscle atrophy?

Muscle atrophy refers to the reduction in the size and strength of muscle tissue, which can result from a variety of factors. The primary cause of muscle atrophy is a lack of use or disuse of the muscles, which is often seen in patients who are immobilized for long periods, such as those recovering from surgery or injury. When muscles are not engaged in regular activity or exercise, they begin to shrink as the body conserves energy and resources, leading to a decrease in muscle mass.

Conditions like neuromuscular disorders can contribute to muscle atrophy, but they are considered secondary causes rather than the primary reason. Dehydration may impact muscle function and performance but does not directly cause muscle atrophy in the same manner that a lack of use does. Excessive exercise might also lead to temporary muscle wasting if not followed by adequate recovery, but this is generally a more complex situation compared to the straightforward impact of disuse. Therefore, the most accurate answer regarding the primary cause of muscle atrophy is indeed the lack of use.